一、軟調空間更適合聆聽音樂
1、 Soft tone space is more suitable for listening to music
地板、天花板、四壁采用夾板、石膏板或木板釘成的空間屬于軟調空間,以鋼筋水泥或磚砌的空間稱硬調空間.目前我國大部分居住環境都屬于硬調空間.
The space nailed with plywood, gypsum board or wood board on the floor, ceiling and four walls belongs to soft adjustable space, and the space built with reinforced cement or brick is called hard adjustable space. At present, most living environments in China belong to hard adjustable space
因為硬調空間不能適當吸收多余的高音與中低音,造成聆聽音樂時高音過于刺耳或中低音過于沉悶的缺點.雖然軟調空間也可能存在低音吸收過量而產生低音不夠堅實的缺點,不過,實踐證明,軟調空間仍然比較適合聆聽音樂.
Because the hard tone space can not properly absorb the redundant treble and bass, resulting in the disadvantage that the treble is too harsh or the bass is too dull when listening to music. Although the soft tone space may also have the disadvantage that the bass is not solid enough due to excessive bass absorption, practice has proved that the soft tone space is still more suitable for listening to music
二、反射、吸收與擴散三者巧運用
2、 Skillful application of reflection, absorption and diffusion
精心調配反射、吸收與擴散聲波,目的就是要得到溫暖、飽滿、柔和、豐潤、清徹、透明的聲音.
The purpose of carefully preparing, reflecting, absorbing and diffusing sound waves is to get warm, full, soft, rich, clear and transparent sound
三、大空間比小空間好
3、 Large space is better than small space
大空間的容積較大,音箱發出的聲波受邊界(六面墻)扭曲影響較小,得到的聲音比較正確.在大空間中,如果能適當調配,所得到的聲音會比較輕松、均勻與正確,而且低頻下潛更深.于駐波,雖然大空間也不可能完全避免,但危害的程度相對較低.
The volume of the large space is large, and the sound wave emitted by the speaker is less affected by the distortion of the boundary (six walls), so the sound obtained is relatively correct. In the large space, if it can be properly adjusted, the sound obtained will be easier, uniform and correct, and the low-frequency dive will be deeper. As for the standing wave, although it is impossible to completely avoid in the large space, the degree of harm is relatively low
家庭影院
Home theater
四、器材搭配要適當
4、 The equipment shall be properly matched
每個音響空間都會有自己的聲音特色.這些聲音特色還需配合適當的音箱,才能發揮紅花綠葉之效.音響空間布置越好,搭配范圍越寬.反之,如果音響空間布置得不理想,則只能找到少數的器材來適應如此偏頗的空間.空間大小不同,搭配的音箱也不同.在小空間里配大音箱或大空間里用小音箱都會徒勞無功.這要靠豐富的經驗才能達到的效果.
Each sound space will have its own sound characteristics. These sound characteristics need to be matched with appropriate speakers in order to give full play to the effect of red flowers and green leaves. The better the sound space layout, the wider the matching range. On the contrary, if the sound space layout is not ideal, only a few equipment can be found to adapt to such a biased space. The space sizes are different, The matching speakers are also different. It will be futile to match a large speaker in a small space or use a small speaker in a large space. It depends on rich experience to achieve the perfect effect
五、理性的發燒友應將排他性降低
5、 Rational enthusiasts should reduce exclusivity
每位發燒友難免會因為長期處于自己的音響空間,而產生自己的聆聽習慣與偏好,并以這些習慣與偏好為基準,去評判他人的音響空間與聆聽習慣、偏好,很容易對他人做負面評判.因此,當聽到不同的聲音表現時,不要作出任何排他性評論,而應嘗試發現他人音響效果的長處.
It is inevitable that every enthusiast will have his own listening habits and preferences because he has been in his own sound space for a long time, and judge others' sound space, listening habits and preferences based on these habits and preferences, which is easy to make negative judgments on others. Therefore, when listening to different sound performances, don't make any exclusive comments first, Instead, try to discover the strengths of others' sound effects
六、盡量把硬調空間改造為軟調空間
6、 Try to transform the hard tone space into soft tone space
如果要將硬調空間變成軟調空間,可以改造四面墻壁.例如用石膏板釘成夾層,夾層內鋪上玻纖棉.這樣既不會減小很多夾層空間,也可以改善隔音效果.采用石膏板或夾板的原因是因為薄夾板或木心板容易吸收中音,而石膏板由于較重,吸收的低音較多,對聆聽音樂的負面影響較小.此外,石膏板是防火材料,用來做夾層比較.
If you want to turn the hard tone space into a soft tone space, you can first transform the four walls. For example, use gypsum board to nail it into an interlayer, and lay glass fiber cotton in the interlayer. This will not reduce a lot of interlayer space, but also improve the sound insulation effect. The reason for using gypsum board or splint is that thin splint or wood core board is easy to absorb midrange, while gypsum board absorbs more bass due to its heavy weight, In addition, gypsum board is a fireproof material, which is safer to be used as interlayer
七、 二次余數擴散器十分好用
7、 The quadratic remainder diffuser is very easy to use
擴散就是音箱發出的聲波無論從何方向射入,都會向各方向均勻反射.一般的聲波反射通常是定向的.理論上,只要反射面的長度大于聲波波長,則所有波長比反射面短的聲波都會反射到某個方向.音響空間需要的是擴散,而不是定向反射.因為擴散會使室內的聲波更均勻,而定向反射只會對某個局部產生影響.
Diffusion means that the sound wave emitted by the speaker will be uniformly reflected in all directions no matter what direction it enters. Generally, the sound wave reflection is usually directional. Theoretically, as long as the length of the reflecting surface is greater than the sound wave wavelength, all sound waves with shorter wavelength than the reflecting surface will be reflected in a certain direction. What the sound space needs is diffusion, not directional reflection. Because diffusion will make the sound wave in the room more uniform, Directional reflection only affects a certain part
八、音響空間的音響效果應以現場音樂為標準
8、 The sound effect of sound space shall be based on live music
音響空間音響效果的標準并不是特別的,而是多重的.音響效果的標準以現場音樂的演奏效果為準.現場音樂的音響效果并不是特別的,而是多重的.就古典音樂而言,世界上有許多杰出的音樂廳,它們各有不同的聲音特性.有的溫暖,有的飽滿,有的澄澈透明,有的低頻豐富,有的聲音包圍感很好,這些音樂廳的聲音特性各有所長.
The standard of sound effect in sound space is not special, but multiple. The standard of sound effect is subject to the performance effect of live music. The sound effect of live music is not special, but multiple. As for classical music, there are many outstanding concert halls in the world, each with different sound characteristics. Some are warm, some are full, some are clear and transparent, and some are rich in low frequency, Some have a good sense of surround, and the sound characteristics of these concert halls have their own advantages
受不可知的錄音場地聲音特性、錄音器材聲音特性、重播器材聲音特性以及音響空間的聲音特性四重影響,發燒友只能以現場音樂的表現為準,而且是多重標準.
Influenced by the unknown sound characteristics of recording venues, recording equipment, replay equipment and sound space, enthusiasts can only take the performance of live music as the standard, and there are multiple standards
九、駐波只宜智取
9、 Standing waves should only be taken wisely
駐波就是空間的共振現象,只要兩對立平行墻面的距離等于半波長的整倍數,就會出現共振,產生駐波.如果空間內三組平行墻面分別產生的駐波有頻率重疊,就會形成更強的駐波.駐波并不只有單一頻率,其頻率范圍很廣,人們無法用某種措施準確地"抵銷"它.同時,駐波的能量很強,通常比正常音樂的聲壓要高許多分貝,因此不能用"微調"的調聲秘技應對.對付駐波好的方法就是用音箱擺位以及變換聆聽位置的方式來避開.
Standing wave is the resonance phenomenon of space. As long as the distance between two opposite parallel walls is equal to the integral multiple of half wavelength, resonance will occur and standing wave will be generated. If the frequencies of standing waves generated by three groups of parallel walls in space overlap, stronger standing wave will be formed. Standing wave does not have only a single frequency, but its frequency range is very wide, so people can not accurately "offset" it with some measures. At the same time, The energy of standing wave is very strong, which is usually many decibels higher than the sound pressure of normal music, so we can't deal with it with the secret technique of "fine tuning". A good way to deal with standing wave is to avoid it by placing speakers and changing listening positions
十、空間要作表面處理
10、 The space shall be surface treated
將音響空間由硬調變為軟調后,接著應按照"前硬、中吸、后擴散"的方法進行表面處理.所謂"前硬",是指房間的前段(音箱后墻與音箱之間)盡量不要添加吸收材料,否則必須增大功放的輸出功率才會使聲音堅實.如果功放輸出功率不很大,音箱也不是很大,建議后墻不要釘石膏板.所謂"中吸",就是對音箱與聆聽位置之間的兩側墻作吸音表面處理.目的是削弱一次反射音,提高定位感和清晰度,避免聲音太亮太刺耳."中吸"的作法很多,便宜而有效的材料是玻纖棉.以厚5厘米、每立方米重量為20千克的玻纖棉為例,它對500赫茲以上的頻率有高達85%的吸音率.可以將玻纖棉包好(千萬不要裸露),作成像框形狀,成為效果相當好的兩側墻一次反射音吸收體.
After changing the sound space from hard tone to soft tone, the surface treatment shall be carried out according to the method of "front hard, middle suction and rear diffusion". The so-called "front hard" means that the front section of the room (between the rear wall of the speaker and the speaker) shall not add absorbing materials as much as possible, otherwise the output power of the power amplifier must be increased to make the sound solid. If the output power of the power amplifier is not very large, the speaker is not very large, It is suggested that the back wall should not be nailed with gypsum board. The so-called "medium absorption" refers to the sound-absorbing surface treatment of the walls on both sides between the speaker and the listening position. The purpose is to weaken the primary reflected sound, improve the sense of positioning and clarity, and avoid the sound too bright and harsh. There are many methods of "medium absorption", and the cheap and effective material is glass fiber cotton. Take the glass fiber cotton with a thickness of 5cm and a weight of 20kg per cubic meter as an example, It has a sound absorption rate of up to 85% for frequencies above 500 Hz. It can wrap glass fiber cotton (do not expose it) into the shape of imaging frame to become a primary reflected sound absorber on both sides of the wall with good effect
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